Modelling approaches utilise topographical information and drill hole database. Ore reserve estimation tonnage factor basic principles of ore reserve calculation sample weighting mining dilution calculation by polygons cutoff grade calculation. Ore reserve estimation and strategic mine planning stochastic. Ore reserve estimation and strategic mine planning stochastic models and optimizations with case studies. Estimates of the tonnage and average grade of ore deposits orereserve estimates are made for various purposes.
Ore reserve estimation and strategic mine planning. This book covers the fundamental concepts of petroleum engineering. Wildcard searching if you want to search for multiple variations of a word, you can substitute a special symbol called a wildcard for one or more letters. Computer aided ore body modelling and mine valuation intechopen. Practical application of probabilistic approach to. Developed reserves developed reserves are expected to be recovered from. New approaches introduced include resourcereserve risk quantification, costeffective drilling programs, pit design and longterm production scheduling optimization with simulated orebodies, ore reserve classification, geologic risk. Rv is a random quantity that assumes different values depending on its position within some region. Petroleum resources classification reserves estimation. This technique provides the best linear unbiased estimate blue of the. Deterministic and probabilistic estimation of reserves.
There has been recognition in the oil and gas and mineral extractive industries for some time. This category implies a clearly lower status to the ore reserve in terms of degree of assurance, in spite of being still within the. Purchase geostatistical ore reserve estimation 1st edition. The two volumetric methods for reserves estimation are deterministic and stochastic, derminem f. Ore reserve estimation methods, models and reality proceedings of the symposium sponsored by the geology division of clm, and held in montreal, quebec, may 1o11, 1986 edited by m. The approach integrates both deterministic and probabilistic methods to evaluate reserves and establish the full hydrocarbon potential of fieldsprospects. Ore reserve estimation techniques by cross section method. There is a growing need to collect and synthesize the practice of modern mineral resource estimation into a book for undergraduate students, beginning graduate students, and young geologists and. Ore reserve and resource estimation is an art as well as a science. On the comparison of deterministic and probabilistic wcet estimation techniques jaume abellay, damien hardy, isabelle puaut, eduardo quinones. Some practical aspects of ore reserve estimation at chuquicamata copper mine, chile prof. They provided for the use of both probabilistic and deterministic methods in the. Applied mineral inventory estimation by alastair j. Deterministic methods use singlepoint parameters to obtain reserves.
Phrase searching you can use double quotes to search for a series of words in a particular order. If deterministic methods are used, the term reasonable certainty is intended to express a high degree of. As production and pressure data from a field become available, decline analysis and material balance calculations, become the predominant methods of calculating. Estimates of the tonnage and average grade of ore deposits ore reserve estimates are made for various purposes. In case of deterministic method, mathematical formulas are. Probabilism, introduction to basic methods and structure of probabilistic risk assessments pra scope of probabilistic risk assessment pra both accident initiating events and the unavailability of safety equipment or measures needed to handle accidents are assumed.
Deterministic estimate the method of estimation of reserves or resources is called deterministic if a single best estimate is made based on known geological, engineering, and economic data. The methods are labelled as deterministic, to distinguish them from stochastic methods, which are described in chapter 4. Probabilistic methods allow the incorporation of more variance in the data. Often, however, the deterministic prediction of future decline is far from the actual future production trend and, thus, the single deterministic value of reserves is not close to the true reserves. Blalst synopsis matheron, geoslalislical method or the estimation of ore reserves has been developed to the point al which reallife problcllll may be handled effectively. This book detailing stochastic methods and their application to quantifying.
Dunn abstract the copper ore reserves at the chuquicamata mine were reestimated during march to june 1994, as part of a comprehensive audit of the mines overall short and longterm planning. They may be made by examining engineers as a basis for placing a value on a mining property in connection with reports on behalf of owners or vendors, on the one hand, or for prospective purchasers or lessees, on the other. Uncertainty in resource estimation affects longterm development, planning, and. The conventional approach to this problem is to estimate the mineral grade for. Applied mineral inventory estimation presents a comprehensive applied approach to the estimation of mineral resourcesreserves with particular emphasis on the geological basis of such estimations, the need for and maintenance of a high quality assay data base, the practical use of a comprehensive exploratory data evaluation, and the importance of a comprehensive geostatistical approach to the. Pdf errors and uncertainty in mineral resource and ore reserve. Reserve analysis is a fundamental analytical technique that determines an estimated time reserve for a task and establishes scheduled duration for this task. Reserve estimation free download as powerpoint presentation.
E mineral resource estimates and public policy, american. Metallurgical contentore reserve calculationsmineral ore reserve case 1mineral ore reserve case 2mineral ore reserve case 3 the usual method of sampling mineral deposits is to drill holes and assay the sludge or core. In both approaches, mathematical formulae are used to estimate volumes of hydrocarbon. Excavation design examples for shafts, tunnels, large chambers and mine pillars. Prof dimitrakopoulos practical approach in applying solutions to ore reserve and mining related problems will ensure that the book will appeal to a wide audience. If statistical method is to be used, each reserve category should be assessed on different basisto reflect its inherent different level of confidence in data from which it is derived. An integrated deterministicprobabilistic approach to. It contains both the theory as well as easily understood applications of the techniques, demonstrated through examples from actual mining operations. Pdf in the context of mineral resource estimation, it is necessary to model.
Basics introduction of all parameters for reserve estimation by volumetric method and production forecasting. Resource estimation is used to determine and define the ore tonnage and grade of a geological deposit, from the developed block model. Pdf ore reserve and mineral resource estimation methods. However, the deterministic approach uses single value input parameters that are considered representative of the reservoir.
Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Reserve estimation an overview sciencedirect topics. Geostatistical ore reserve estimation 1st edition elsevier. As reported in spe 28329, mobil corporation utilizes a unique methodology for reserve and resource evaluation. A comparison of deterministic and probabilistic methods to. Ore reserve estimation and grade control, cimm, 9, spec.
The challenge stems from many factors, tangible and intangible, that enter the estimation process, and judgment is an integral part of the process. The process of simulating petroleum reservoirs has been thoroughly described by peaceman 24 as the. Large scale deterministic geological control must be accounted for explicitly. Mineral resource estimation, in mineral resource and ore reserve estimation the ausimm guide to good practice ed. Kriging is commonly described as a minimum variance estimator. Deterministic and stochastic methods are the two established method of reserve estimation.
Characteristics of nickel ore reserve estimation carried out simulations on the x nickel deposits. New approaches introduced include resource reserve risk quantification, costeffective drilling programs, pit design and longterm production scheduling optimization with. Buy ore reserve estimation and strategic mine planning. The method of estimation is called probabilistic when the known geological, engineering, and economic data are used to generate a range of estimates and their associated probabilities. A mathematical model of a real reservoir is a set of partial differential equations. On the comparison of deterministic and probabilistic wcet. If you dont want to wait have a look at our ebook offers and start reading immediately. This book is primarily written for research scholars, geologists, civil engineers. Mineral resource and ore reserve estimates thus carry certain errors leading. Topography of the hills with a slope of 300500 and 50230 meters above sea level mdpl.
Mining engineering mngn approaches to rock engineering designs. Traditional methods of ore reserve estimation are developed based on characteristics and metal contents. Mineral resources estimation with data and parameter uncertainty. In ore reserve estimation, the orebody is the region, and grade, thickness etc.
The choice of which kriging method to be used depends on the characteristics of the data and the type of. Not only deterministic and descriptive manner but also probability. A new probabilistic approach to proved reserves estimation. Request pdf mineral resource estimation there is a growing need to collect. Methods for o re reserve and mineral resource estimation august 2003. Box mp 167, mount pleasant, harare zimbabwe received february 18, 1988. First, the distinction between stochastic methods which for now will encompass both geostatistics and other stochastic modeling approaches and. Some classical reserve estimation techniques such as triangulation and. There are different estimation methods see below used for different scenarios dependent upon the ore boundaries, geological deposit geometry, grade variability and the amount of time and money available. The model may be physical, such as a scaled laboratory model, or mathematical. Guidelines for the evaluation of petroleum reserves and resources. These methods, called here deterministic, result in wireframes or. Results indicate that the new approach used in reserve estimation process gives 1. Cambridge core mineralogy, petrology and volcanology applied mineral.
A c edwards, pp189198 the australasian institute of mining and metallurgy. Ayisi, maurice, 3d block modeling and reserve estimation of a garnet deposit 2015. For example, world war ii with quotes will give more precise results than world war ii without quotes. The technique allows using time reserves to define and protect duration estimates through offsetting unexpected issues that arise. National institute of technology, rourkela c national institute of technology rourkela certificate this is to certify that the thesis entitled ore body modelling and comparison of. In a survey article, robinson 1991s also cites 1 ore reserve estimation in geological surveys, 2 measuring quality of a production plan and 3 ranking baseball players abilities. Exploration activity that has been done is taking samples with a regular distance of 25 m by using a rotary drilling tool. Use of discounted cash flow analysisas a first tool in the economics of the mining industry in the last 30 years, it has become common to define an ore reserve as that part of a mineral resource whose exploitation can generate maximum net present. The method of estimation is called deterministic if a single best estimate of reserves is made based on known geological, engineering, and economic data. Ore is defined as a mineral or mineral aggregate more or less mixed with a gangue, from which a metal or metals can be won at a profit or in the hopes of a profit.
Geostatistical ore reserve estimation focuses on the methodologies, processes, and principles involved in geostatistical ore reserve estimation, including the use of variogram, sampling, theoretical models, and variances and covariances. Alaphia wright department of mining engineering, university of zimbabwe, p. A comparison of the deterministic and probabilistic methods, however, can provide quality assurance for estimating hydrocarbon reserves. There are different estimation methods see below used for different. The termdeterministic in this context is intended to mean that the method will typically produce a single or point estimate of the reserves, without an assessment of the statistical variability around that estimate. Reflections on geostatistics and stochastic modeling. A number of methods are discussed that allow the estimator to be more. Ore reserve estimation using localized trend analysis. New approaches introduced include resourcereserve risk quantification, costeffective drilling programs, pit design and longterm production scheduling optimization with simulated orebodies, ore reserve classification, geologic risk discounting, waste managing and demand driven scheduling, risk assessment in meeting project production. Geostatistical ore reserve estimation sciencedirect. This book is the first of its kind, presenting stateoftheart stochastic simulation and. Mineral resource estimation request pdf researchgate.